Models, Trends, and Challenges of Higher Education Financing in Latin America: A Comparative and Prospective Analysis (2020-2026).
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11565/oe.v1i209.611Keywords:
Higher education, Student dropout, Income-contingent loans, Public policiesAbstract
This article examines the evolution of higher education financing models in Latin America in the 2020-2026 period, highlighting the collapse of the traditional bank debt model and the transition towards income-contingent contribution systems and "Zero Tuition" policies. The analysis reveals that, despite efforts to massify classroom access, critical inefficiencies in public spending persist due to high early dropout rates, which represent a loss of social capital for the State. It concludes that the current structural challenge for Latin American States is not only to guarantee access without economic barriers but to ensure retention, effective graduation, and strategically increase investment in research and development to foster global innovation.
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